ALNUS (ALDERS)
Inception: -35 million years ago
The leaves alternate, simple, and serrated.
The flowers are catkins with elongate male catkins on the same plant as shorter female catkins.
Female catkins are woody and do not disintegrate at maturity, (similar to conifer cones.)
Largly wind-pollinated
Picture: Inmature catkin (female cone)
Aug 29
Alders establish symbioses with the nitrogen-fixing Actinobacteria Frankiella alni.
30 species
Three subgenus
Subgenus Alnus. Trees
species Alnus. acuminata - (Andean Alder) - Andes Mountains, South America.
species Alnus. cordata - (Italian Alder) - Italy.
species Alnus. cremastogyne
species Alnus. glutinosa - (Black Alder) - Europe.
species Alnus. incana - (Grey Alder) - Europe & Asia.
species Alnus. oblongifolia - (Arizona Alder) - Southwestern North America.
species Alnus. rugosa - (Speckled Alder) - Northeastern North America.
species Alnus. tenuifolia - (Thinleaf Alder or Mountain Alder) - Northwestern North America.
species Alnus. japonica - (Japanese Alder) - Japan.
species Alnus. jorullensis - (Mexican Alder) - Mexico, Guatemala.
species Alnus. nepalensis - (Nepalese Alder) - Eastern Himalaya, southwest China.
species Alnus. orientalis - (Oriental Alder) - Southern Turkey, northwest Syria
species Alnus. rhombifolia - (White Alder) - Interior western North America.
RHOMBIFOLIA
species Alnus. rubra - (Red Alder) - West coastal North America.
RUBRA
species Alnus. serrulata - (Hazel alder, Tag Alder or Smooth alder) - Eastern North America.
species Alnus. subcordata - (Caucasian Alder) - Caucasus, Iran.
Subgenus Clethropsis.
Species Alnus. formosana - (Formosan Alder) Taiwan
Species Alnus. maritima - (Seaside Alder) East coastal North America
Species Alnus. nitida - (Himalayan Alder) Western Himalaya.
Subgenus Alnobetula. Shrubs
Species Alnus.viridis - Green Alder.
Species Alnus. viridis. subsp viridis. - Eurasia
Species Alnus. viridis. subsp maximowiczii - Japan.
Species Alnus. viridis. subsp crispa - Northern North America.
Species Alnus. viridis. subsp sinuata - (Sitka Alder or Slide Alder). Western North America
RedAlder
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Red Alder
Ft Bragg
Mckericher
2009.JUL.22